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An initial quality control check was completed for the journal and magazine content and a check of the books content is currently under way. Authors make edits directly to the HTML article file, which cuts down time to publication and reduces errors introduced during typesetting. [...]far we've received positive response and hope to expand this program to additional titles. [...]the group reviewed mismatched guidelines and adopted a standardized Scientific Misconduct Statement for all 13 journals to create uniformity across the journal collection. The JIF is one tool used to evaluate a journal's relative importance when compared with other journals in the same study area.
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The benefits of publishing research papers first in preprint form are substantial and long-lasting also in chemistry. Recounting the outcomes of our team's nearly six-year journey through preprint publishing, we show evidence that preprinting research substantially benefits both early career and senior researchers in today's highly interdisciplinary chemical research. These findings are of general value, as shown by analyzing the case of four more research teams based in economically developed and developing countries.
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The growth of open access (OA) has been reflected through the use of OA research by the news media, especially as the COVID-19 pandemic spurred more researchers to share preprints in open repositories. However, little is known about what journalists, particularly science journalists, actually know of and think about OA research as it pertains to their work. This study seeks to help answer these questions by surveying science journalists working in the United States. Results show a broad awareness of OA and related concepts. They also show that a majority of respondents are willing to use Gold OA and Hybrid OA scholarly articles as sources, although they expressed more hesitancy in using Green OA articles, especially when they are preprints. Respondents showed awareness of the term "predatory publishers," and a majority expressed concern about them.
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This open access book considers the development of the sharing and collaborative economy with a European focus, mapping across economic sectors, and country-specific case studies. It looks at the roles the sharing economy plays in sharing and redistribution of goods and services across the population in order to maximise their functionality, monetary exchange, and other aspects important to societies. It also looks at the place of the sharing economy among various policies and how the contexts of public policies, legislation, digital platforms, and other infrastructure interrelate with the development and function of the sharing economy. The book will help in understanding the future (sharing) economy models as well as to contribute in solving questions of better access to resources and sustainable innovation in the context of degrowth and growing inequalities within and between societies. It will also provide a useful source for solutions to the big challenges of our times such as climate change, the loss of biodiversity, and recently the coronavirus disease pandemic (COVID-19). This book will be of interest to academics and students in economics and business, organisational studies, sociology, media and communication and computer science. © The Editor(s) (if applicable) and The Author(s) 2022.
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In 2020, the G20 proposed a solution for the debt-related issues affecting the world's poorest countries due to the Covid-19 pandemic. However, their initiatives have failed to meet their objectives. The author argues that the reason for this failure is an inability to bring sovereign countries to the table to re-negotiate their debt agreements with private creditors, as they fear the credit rating agencies and the prospect of a downgrade. He refers to this as the 'Credit Ratings impasse'. This book proposes a novel solution. The author asserts that there is a need in the literature to unpick the dynamic that exists and creates that impasse, namely the pressures that exist between sovereign states, private creditors, credit rating agencies, and the geo-political backdrop that is massively influential in the dynamic, i.e. the adversarial relationship between China and the U.S. The book addresses the recent history of debt treatment for poorer countries and related success and failures;the Covid-19-related issues and the development of the Debt Service Suspension Initiative and the Common Framework for Debt Treatment. The book examines the reasons for their failure by analysing the positions of the sovereign states;the division between Private and Official creditors - and multilateral institutions such as the IMF and the World Bank;the Credit Rating Agencies;and the competing political entities of China and the U.S. It presents a wider picture of the systemic underpinnings to such debt-related issues and, when examined through a geo-political perspective, the subsequent chances of future debt treatment-related successes
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COVID-19 is determining a "new normal"in research, guidelines, and publishing. Traditional methods for research and systematic reviews are overcome by "living systematic reviews"and, during the pandemic, institutional boards release interim guidelines, standards of care, and authorizations for emergency use without the usual time and control. Publishing is deeply modified by open access journals, diffusion of preprints, accelerated peer-review processes such as Transparent Peer Review, Open Peer Review, Post-Publication Peer Review. These initiatives, taken together, are determining an explosion of open information. Nevertheless, a note of caution is needed. The peer-review process has to allow a reliability of information, particularly necessary in pandemic when it is immediately transferred in the clinical practice, which the accelerated processes or the skip out of them cannot guarantee. The public debate on COVID-19 is the proof of this.Copyright © 2020 EDIZIONI MINERVA MEDICA.
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Recently, in the midst of the Covid-19 pandemic, high-profile retractions of some papers published in prestigious medical journals have highlighted the necessity for structural reform to the current model of medical publishing. We discuss what ails the current system and what can be done to remedy it.
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BACKGROUND: The indicators of the pandemic have been based on the total number of diagnosed cases of COVID-19, the number of people hospitalized or in intensive care units, and deaths from the infection. The aim of this study is to describe the available data on diagnostic tests, health service used for the diagnosis of COVID-19, case detection and monitoring. METHOD: Descriptive study with review of official data available on the websites of the Spanish health councils corresponding to 17 Autonomous Communities, 2 Autonomous cities and the Ministry of Health. The variables collected refer to contact tracing, technics for diagnosis, use of health services and follow-up. RESULTS: All regions of Spain show data on diagnosed cases of COVID-19 and deaths. Hospitalized cases and intensive care admissions are shown in all regions except the Balearic Islands. Diagnostic tests for COVID-19 have been registered in all regions except Madrid region and Extremadura, with scarcely information on what type of test has been performed (present in 7 CCAA), requesting service and study of contacts. CONCLUSIONS: The information available on the official websites of the Health Departments of the different regions of Spain are heterogeneous. Data from the use of health service or workload in Primary Care, Emergency department or Out of hours services are almost non-existent.
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Clinical guidelines are evidence-based clinician decision-support tools that improve health outcomes, reduce patient harm, and decrease healthcare costs, but are often underused in emergency departments (EDs). This article describes a replicable, evidence-based design-thinking approach to developing best practices for guideline design that improves clinical satisfaction and usage. We used a 5-step process to enhance guideline usability in our ED. First, we conducted end-user interviews to identify barriers to guideline usage. Second, we reviewed the literature to identify key principles in guideline design. Third, we applied our findings to create a standardized guideline format, incorporating rapid cycle learning and iterative improvements. Fourth, we ensured the clinical validity of our updated guidelines by using a rigorous process for peer review. Lastly, we evaluated the impact of our guideline conversion process by tracking clinical guidelines access per day from October 2020 to January 2022. Our end-user interviews and review of the design literature revealed several barriers to guideline use, including lack of readability, design inconsistencies, and guideline complexity. Although our previous clinical guideline system averaged 0.13 users per day, >43 users per day accessed the clinical guidelines on our new digital platform in January 2022, representing an increase in access and use exceeding 33,000%. Our replicable process using open-access resources increased clinician access to and satisfaction with clinical guidelines in our ED. Design-thinking and use of low-cost technology can significantly improve clinical guideline visibility and has the potential to increase guideline use.
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Background: Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) was originated first in Wuhan, Chi-na, in December 2019, and it is known to be caused by severe acute respiratory syndrome coron-avirus-2 (SARS CoV-2). The management of COVID-19 could be achieved by means of the usage of the repurposed drugs, inhibiting the viral entry and/or viral fusion such as umifenovir, Barici-tinib, Camostat mesylate, Nafamostat mesylate, and the drugs blocking the viral replication, which include favipiravir, remdesivir, Lopinavir/ritonavir, Ribavirin, Sofosbuvir, chloroquine and Hydrox-ychloroquine. Objective(s): Along with the drugs that target the SARS-CoV-2 virus, adjunctive therapies are also employed. This review focuses on the adjuvant therapies employed to manage the COVID-19-asso-ciated complications, such as cytokine storm, acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS), respiratory failure, cardiac injury, coagulopathy, and multi-organ failure. Method(s): The literature was searched in databases such as Medline/PubMed Central/PubMed, Goo-gle Scholar, Science Direct, EBSCO, Scopus, EMBASE, Directory of open access journals (DOA-J), and reference lists to identify relevant articles. Result(s): Various studies have been identified for the use of corticosteroids, interferons, monoclon-al antibodies, etoposide, ruxolitinib, anticoagulants, convalescent plasma, immunoglobulins, mes-enchymal stem cells, natural killer (NK) cells, and inhaled nitric oxide (NO) as adjuvant therapy to manage the patients with COVID-19 along with the repurposed drugs targeting SARS-CoV-2. Conclusion(s): The safety and efficacy of adjuvant therapy are needed to be confirmed by various ongoing randomized controlled clinical trials.Copyright © 2021 Bentham Science Publishers.
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Purpose: This study aimed to investigate the changes that occurred in journal and article publishing during the noncontact period that started in 2020 due to COVID-19. Methods: The integrated journal list in Journal Citation Reports (JCR) 2017–2021 and the search results of Web of Science were analyzed using pivot tables in Microsoft Excel. The articles, citations, impact factor (IF), publishers, open access (OA) status, and compound annual growth rate (CAGR) were investigated using the data. Results: The CAGRs of articles, citations, and IFs in JCR journals increased throughout the COVID-19 pandemic. Moreover, the increase in OA articles was accompanied by a decreasing share of subscription articles. The top 20 journals in JCR-SCIE (Science Citation Index Expanded), based on the number of articles, accepted OA policies and showed a strong influence, accounting for 7% to 9% of all articles. MDPI and Frontiers were OA publishers included among the top 10 publishers. Large publishers maintained their competitiveness through mergers and acquisitions with OA publishers. Due to the rapid distribution of OA and early access articles as part of the international response to overcome COVID-19, the CAGRs of citations and IFs increased more than that of articles, and the publication and use of journal articles have become more active. Conclusion: The publication and use trends in JCR journals analyzed herein will provide useful information for researchers' selection of journals for article submission, analyses of research performance, and libraries' journal subscription contracts. © 2023 Korean Council of Science Editors
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PurposeThe purpose of this study is to report the results of a survey conducted at Bharathidasan and Alagappa Universities to determine the research scholars' awareness, use of Open Access (OA) resources, reasons for using, impact of OA on the research scholars' research, satisfaction and problems faced.Design/methodology/approachIn this study, a self-assessed questionnaire was developed to collect data from the research scholars pursuing their research degrees from Bharathidasan and Alagappa Universities of Tamil Nadu, India. A total of 400 research scholars from various disciplines responded were used for analysis.FindingsThe results indicated that the majority of research scholars aware of few OA resources to a large extent and afraid to redistribute the sources as they fear of copyright issues. Easy to use, more informative and global research at one place were the major reasons for accessing the resources. The research scholars were aware of OA features and OA's impact such as freedom to use, modify, resources available with source code, reliability, self-archiving, quick publishing, more citations etc. Delay in downloading and lack of computer terminals to access the resources were the major issues faced by the research scholars. On the whole, the researchers are considering OA model as an alternative to business model and expect the university librarians to promote and enhance the accessibility of OA resources.Practical implicationsThe outcomes of the results will enable the librarians and authorities in universities to formulate appropriate decisions to remove the issues faced by the research scholars and develop a framework for new literacy instructions.Originality/valueThe study undertaken is new to the Indian continent and the Tami Nadu state in particular. The findings of the study will be useful to improve the awareness level and use of OA resources effectively.
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This article presents a new typology for humanitarian-military relations (HMR). This typology can serve as an analytical framework for assessing, during humanitarian emergencies, how civilian responders can and should engage with armed actors. The typology considers two factors: (1) the nature of crisis-affected population's perceptions of an armed actor, and (2) the extent of alignment of civilian responders' and armed actors' interests and objectives. This typology is empirically rooted in an in-depth analysis of HMR across four humanitarian response contexts: (1) the Kivu Ebola Epidemic in the Democratic Republic of the Congo, (2) the Rukban forced displacement crisis along the Jordan-Syria border, (3) the Taal volcano eruption in the Philippines, and (4) the COVID-19 pandemic in the Philippines. The analysis presented in this article is based on 175 qualitative interviews conducted with civilian responders, armed actors, and crisis-affected individuals across these contexts.
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Background and Aims: Despite advances in CGM technology, most studies rely on industry support, making multi-manufacturer analyses difficult. Here, using a new open-access CGM benchmarking platform - GlyCulator 3.0, we analyzed the impact of reimbursement of isCGM (November 2019) and rtCGM (March 2018) in Poland on management of diabetes throughout COVID-19 pandemic. Method(s): The study was performed in a single diabetes center that manages patients aged 0-26 years. Percentage of CGM users who satisfied Time in Range (TIR) criterion (>70% of time glucose levels within 70-180 mg/dl) was calculated for 2019- 2021. To create a uniform benchmark, we selected two weeks from March each year- a period not confounded by countryspecific holidays. CGM files were manually downloaded and included into analysis if provided at least 70% CGM active time in the predefined periods. Glycemic variability metrics were computed using GlyCulator 3.0 (https://glyculator.btm .umed.pl/). Result(s): After download and filtering, 971 periods from 604 patients were included for analysis. The number of isCGM users increased over years 2019-2021 (Chi2 for users over total clinic population, p < 0.0001), for rtCGM users this trend was not significant (p = 0.6066). Percentages of users who met TIR >70% target remained at ~60% for rtCGM and ~40% for isCGM. There was no significant difference in the fraction of patients meeting TIR criteria during the analyzed years (Chi2 for rtCGM p = 0.5279, isCGM p = 0.6038). Conclusion(s): Widespread CGM use allowed us to confirm that the patients' diabetes management was not significantly affected by the COVID-19 pandemic. The GlyCulator 3.0 software allows for fast and reliable CGM benchmarking in similar epidemiological scenarios.
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Purpose: Surveying authors at doctoral-granting institutions of higher education in Portugal, the authors in this paper aim to seek to determine the extent to which Portuguese researchers prefer that their work appears in open access journals or open access repositories resulting in improved access to quality, peer-reviewed scientific information and faster scientific and technological advances. The authors also seek to gauge Portuguese author's familiarity with open access, the importance they attach to open access when choosing a publication outlet, and to determine their preferences for achieving open access. Design/methodology/approach: The methodology adopted in this research is the case study. The case study intends to understand a complex social phenomenon through an in-depth study holistically. In May 2020, the authors distributed a survey to faculty in all academic ranks at 14 Portuguese higher education institutions to learn the extent to which Portuguese authors currently make their research openly available, ascertain their awareness of open access, their support of the European Union (EU) open access goal and their preferences for achieving open access. Findings: Researchers at Portuguese universities overwhelmingly are aware of arguments in favor of open access and believe that open access benefits researchers in their fields. Portuguese researchers regularly publish in open access journals and deposit their papers in institutional or disciplinary repositories. Research limitations/implications: 16.7% of 740 potential respondents completed the survey. The relatively low response rate prevents extrapolations from being made to the universe. The study was implemented during the COVID-19 pandemic, which, due to the disruption created in all sectors, made data collection complex and delayed its subsequent treatment. Originality/value: Similar studies have been conducted at individual universities and in particular disciplines to determine the degree to which their faculty authors are aware of open access, its benefits, and preferences for achieving it. A similar study of Bulgarian university authors was conducted in 2018. No previous study of Portuguese authors at institutions of higher education has been conducted. The results will be useful to Portuguese institutions of higher education and academic libraries to establish and revise open access outreach and implementation services that may be helpful to their faculty in meeting EU open access and funder open access requirements. © 2023, Emerald Publishing Limited.
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This open access book offers unique insights into how governments and governing systems, particularly in advanced economies, have responded to the immense challenges of managing the coronavirus pandemic and the ensuing disease COVID-19. Written by three eminent scholars in the field of the politics and policy of crisis management, it offers a unique 'bird's eye' view of the immense logistical and political challenges of addressing a worst-case scenario that would prove the ultimate stress test for societies, governments, governing institutions and political leaders. It examines how governments and governing systems have (i) made sense of emerging transboundary threats that have spilled across health, economic, political and social systems (ii) mobilised systems of governance and often fearful and sceptical citizens (iii) crafted narratives amid high uncertainty about the virus and its impact and (iv) are working towards closure and a return to 'normal' when things can never quite be the same again. The book also offers the building blocks of pathways to future resilience. Succeeding and failing in all these realms is tied in with governance structures, experts, trust, leadership capabilities and political ideologies. The book appeals to anyone seeking to understand 'what's going on?', but particularly academics and students across multiple disciplines, journalists, public officials, politicians, non-governmental organisations and citizen groups. © The Editor(s) (if applicable) and The Author(s) 2021. All rights reserved.
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The open science movement has been widely adopted in multiple scientific fields across nations. Its benefit has been proven in many cases, most notably when the practice accelerated the search for solutions to the Covid-19 pandemic both in medical and socio-economic contexts. Still, the movement has faced multiple challenges, including an imbalance in the adoption of its numerous aspects. For example, the open access aspect which indicates the starting point of the movement has been widely practiced. Unfortunately, while open access is essential, an open access practice alone is not enough to pursue open science. In this work, we would like to assess the imbalance of the adoption, especially to measure how open access practice contributes to other practices, namely open data and open source as a sub-aspect of the open reproducibility research. Our assessment is based on descriptive statistic analysis of 300 open access articles from three domains, that is engineering, social and life science. Our findings indicated that the free and open source computer codes were dominantly adopted by the three scientific fields. However, social science has the lowest involvement in public data. © 2022 ACM.
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COVID-19, which has plagued the world since 2020, has brought changes in the order of human life globally, and ultimately has an impact on the psychological state of individuals, including teenagers. The aim of this study is to find the differences between students' gratitude score before and after the implementation of writing gratitude journal regularly. Participants on this study was 20 adolescents in Ambon City Maluku Indonesia, consists of 6 boys and 14 girls. The participants age was between 15-16 years old. Quantitative Method with experimental design used in this study. From the results, it was found that the significant value in the table paired samples correlations was 0.418, meaning that there are relationship between the results of the pre-test and post-test because the value was > sig. 0.05. Although the increase in the value of gratitude among adolescents in Ambon is not too large and increases their classification to be included in the criteria for groups that have sufficient gratitude scores, the important thing explained in implementing gratitude education actually lies in its aim to inspire students that it is important to be grateful in all circumstances. and it's not just about saying thank you or showing grateful behavior. This is an open access article under the CC BY-SA license.Copyright © 2022, Anka Publishers. All rights reserved.